What is music therapy?
Since ancient times, music has been considered an effective healing art. Even great minds like Aristotle and Plato acknowledged and wrote about the beneficial effects of music on the mind and body. Music also played an important role in traditional medicine, especially those practiced by different tribes around the world. In the 1960s, many from the scientific field began demonstrating the therapeutic potential of music, and in the following decade, music began to be integrated in other forms of healing arts like yoga and meditation.
Today, music therapy is defined as the clinical and evidenced-based use of music to assist the body's natural healing process. It is often used to address the specific needs of a patient, which include cognitive, emotional, physical, and social needs. Music therapy is administered in the presence of a qualified music therapist and can involve different activities, such as making music, singing to music, dancing to music, or simply listening to music. (Related: Five-phase music therapy based on TCM’s elements found to be safe and effective for treating depression in stroke victims.)
There are many health benefits associated with music therapy. Some of these benefits include:
- Decreased symptoms of psychological disorders
- Enhanced or accelerated healing
- Improved self-expression and communication
- Management of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease
- Reduced anxiety and stress levels
- Reduced depression symptoms, particularly in the elderly
Music therapy can improve the psychological well-being of terminally ill patients
Patients with terminal illnesses who are receiving hospice care tend to suffer from high psychological and emotional distress, as well as physical pain. This greatly impacts their quality of life and oftentimes aggravates their condition.
According to previous studies, music therapy can reduce physical pain and improve the quality of life of these patients. To verify these reports, the researchers decided to conduct case studies involving patients with terminal illness. They recruited three female patients with terminal cancer for their study.
They asked the patients to participate in a structured singing program, which included breathing, humming, toning, listening to songs, and singing. To examine the patients' psychological well-being, the researchers recorded and qualitatively analyzed their vocal and verbal responses. These included three subcategories of psychological well-being: autonomy, self-acceptance, and positive relationship.
The researchers reported that participating in a singing program resulted in positive changes in the patients' vocal and verbal responses. It also increased their psychological well-being. Singing, in particular, gave the participants an opportunity to build a positive self-image, interact with a therapist, and develop autonomy in musical and non-musical behavior.
Based on these findings, the researchers concluded that a structured singing program designed to meet the individual needs of patients with serious conditions can help improve their psychological well-being while they receive hospice care.
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