The AAA is the leading trade association that represents employees in the ambulance service industry.
According to the AAA/Avesta 2019 Ambulance Industry Employee Turnover Study, emergency medical technicians (EMT) and paramedics have a 20 to 30 percent annual turnover rate. This effectively equates to a 100 percent turnover rate over four years. The AAA pointed out that this is very unsustainable. The 2019 study involved 258 EMS organizations across the country.
The AAA conducted another survey in 2020. It found that nearly a third of all workers in EMS left their jobs after less than a year. Around 11 percent of workers left within the first three months on the job.
"The voluntary turnover rates should remain an area of concern. Since EMTs and paramedics are on the front lines, delivering healthcare services to clients and patients, the high rate of voluntary turnover for these jobs is a critical issue, as is the high rate of overall turnover. This is especially true of part-time EMTs and paramedics," noted the survey.
"I have not heard of any state that feels like they're not in a bit of a crisis mode for first responders, paramedics in particular," said AAA Vice President of Rural Services and President-elect Shawn Baird.
During an interview, Baird pointed out that the EMS industry already had a difficult staffing problem due to a lack of funding. Ongoing pressures brought about by the Wuhan coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic made the situation even worse.
"This is a problem that's been developing over several years because of chronic underfunding shortfalls from Congress for ambulance services, but certainly during the pandemic things have hit a crisis level," said Baird.
"We've seen a tremendous amount of workforce attrition and schools had shut down paramedic training institutions and stopped graduating new students for the last year so we're suddenly in a severe shortfall."
Vaccine mandates worsen EMS labor shortage
COVID-19 vaccine mandates are making the situation worse for the EMS industry, with many unvaccinated EMTs being forced to choose between unemployment and taking the experimental and deadly vaccines. (Related: Vaccine mandates leading to massive shortage of 911 staff, putting Americans' lives in danger.)
In New York City, hundreds of city workers, including ambulance workers, remain unvaccinated and will likely be fired within the next few days.
The New York City Fire Department (FDNY) warned that the city could see potentially 20 percent fewer ambulances on the road by Nov. 1.
"The Department must manage the unfortunate fact that a portion of our workforce has refused to comply with a vaccine mandate for all city employees," said FDNY Fire Commissioner Daniel Nigro. "We will use all means at our disposal, including mandatory overtime, mutual aid from other EMS providers and significant changes to the schedules of our members."
The latest data from the FDNY indicates that around 32 percent of the department's employees, including firefighters, EMS and civilians, remain unvaccinated. This represents around 5,000 individual workers. Such an attrition rate due to a vaccine mandate would cripple the city's ability to respond to fire and health-related emergencies.
In Maine, staffing shortages have already made working as an EMS stressful due to the miles each ambulances has to cover. The labor shortage is so dire that it has become common in recent years for EMTs to work for multiple departments.
Town managers in rural Maine warned that the state's decision to mandate vaccinations for healthcare workers threatened the ability of some EMS departments to function.
In Waldoboro, a small rural town on Maine's coast, Town Manager Julie Keizer is stressed because her town's small ambulance service has already lost one EMS worker to the vaccine mandate. She may lose two more workers.
"We're a 24-hour service," said Keizer. "If I lose three people who were putting in 40 hours or over, that's 120 hours I can't cover… We already have a stressed system."
Near Maine's brother with Canada, in the town of Fort Fairfield, half of the city's 10 EMS employees have resigned due to the vaccine mandate.
"That was extremely frustrating," said Deputy Fire Chief Cody Fenderson. "You know, anybody who does ambulances is suffering. It's tough. I'm not sure what we're going to do, and I don't know what the answer is."
Learn more about how the COVID-19 vaccine mandates are worsening labor shortages by reading the latest articles at Pandemic.news.
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